The dramaturgical scene of an escalating challenge, pitting the humanity of each participant in an act that may involve violence, frenzy, and passion and that results not only in communion but also in power, prestige and transformation or humiliation and abasement. It is a reciprocal space of speech and response, both as confrontation and communication.
" }, heteroglossia: { name:"Heteroglossia", title:"Multi-speeched-ness.
Another's speech in another's language, serving to express authorial intentions but in a refracted way.
Language as it takes on meaning in the socially-marked interactions between people.
Double-voiced.
" }, montage: { name:"Montage", title:"Montage is an idea that arises from the collision of independent film shots.
A collision of shots based on conflicts of scale, volume, rhythm, motion (speed, as well as direction of movement within the frame), as well as more conceptual notions such as class and socio-political values.
" }, distanciation: { name:"Distanciation", title:"A theatrical and cinematic device which prevents the audience from losing itself passively and completely in the character created by the actor, and which consequently leads the audience to be a consciously critical observer.
" }, poaching: { name:"Poaching", title:"Poaching characterizes the relationship between readers and writers as an ongoing struggle for possession of the text and for control over its usage and meanings.
" }, reflexivity: { name:"Reflexivity", title:"The process by which texts foreground their own production, their authorship, their intertextuality, their reception, and their enunciation.
Reflexivity breaks with art as enchantment by calling attention to their own factitiousness as textual constructs.
" }, ethnographic: { name:"Ethno. Surrealism", title:"Ethnographic Surrealism and surrealist ethnography are utopian constructs; they mock and remix institutional definitions of art and science.
They attack the familiar, provoking the irruption of otherness -- the unexpected.
" }, pataphysics: { name:"Pataphysics", title:"A parody of the theory and methods of modern science and is often expressed in nonsensical language.
The science of imaginary solutions, which symbolically attributes the properties of objects, described by their virtuality, to their lineaments.... the truth of contradictions and exceptions.
" }, base_materialism: { name:"Base Materialism", title:"The concept of an active base-matter that disrupts the opposition of high and low and destabilizes all foundations. It is a materialism of all that is disgusting, repulsive and allergic to reason.
Metaphors to sketch a world in which causality and actuality are abandoned in favor of limitless possibilities of action.
" }, pornography: { name:"Pornography", title:"The written or visual presentation in realistic form of any genital or sexual behavior with a deliberate violation of existing and widely accepted moral and social taboos.
Pornography eroticizes the domination, humiliation, and coercion of women, reinforcing sexual and cultural attitudes
" }, deconstruction: { name:"Deconstruction", title:"A strategy of critical analysis directed towards exposing unquestioned metaphysical assumptions and internal contradictions in philosophical and literary language.
It is necessarily complicated and difficult to explain since it actively criticizes the very language needed to explain it.
" }, potlatch: { name:"Potlatch", title:"A festival or ceremony practiced among Indigenous peoples with the purpose of re-distribution and reciprocity of wealth.
Potlatch enhanced one's reputation and validated social rank both for the host and for the recipients by the gifts exchanged. Prestige increased with the lavishness of the potlatch, the value of the goods given away in it.
" }, reification: { name:"Reification", title:"The error of treating as a \"real thing\" something which is not a real thing, but merely an idea.
Conversely, it is thing making; the turning of something abstract into a concrete thing or object.
Where an object is perceived as having more spatial information than is actually present in the original stimulus.
" }, synaesthesia: { name:"Synaesthesia", title:"The evocation of cross-sensory fusions in the audience observable in the genres of visual music, abstract film, computer animation, symbolist poetry, multimedia and intermedial art; demonstrating the complex interplay between personal experience and artistic creation.
Example: Hearing sounds in response to visual motion, or vice versa.
" }, reciprocity: { name:"Reciprocity", title:"Reciprocity refers to responding to a positive action with another positive action, and responding to a negative action with another negative one.
Example: The Golden Rule.
" }, carnivalesque: { name:"Carnivalesque", title:"A literary mode that subverts and liberates the assumptions of the dominant style or atmosphere though humor, chaos and the grotesque; where ideas and truths are endlessly tested and contested, and all demand equal dialogic status.
" }, parody: { name:"Parody", title:"A work created to mock, comment on, or poke fun at an original work, its subject, or author, or some other target, by means of humorous, satiric or ironic imitation.
Any cultural practice which provides a relatively polemical allusive imitation of another cultural production or practice.
" }, dialogism: { name:"Dialogism", title:"A concept of endlessly dynamic, reciprocal language; that everything anybody ever says always exists in response to things that have been said before and in anticipation of things that will be said in response.
No one speaks in a vacuum.
" }, polyphony: { name:"Polyphony", title:"Communicational hybridity involving the author, the work, and the reader, each constantly affecting and influencing the others -- and the whole influenced by existing political and social forces.
" }, menippean: { name:"Menippean Satire", title:"A term broadly used to refer to prose satires that are rhapsodic in nature, combining many different targets of ridicule into a fragmented satiric narrative similar to a novel.
\"The novelist sees evil and folly as social diseases, but the Menippean satirist sees them as diseases of the intellect.\" Northrop Frye" }, readymade: { name:"Readymade", title:"
A found object, typically undisguised but often modified, that comes to be considered art -- often because it already has a non- art function.
The dignification of commonplace objects as a shocking challenge to the accepted distinction between what is considered art as opposed to not art.
" }, appropriation: { name:"Appropriation", title:"To take possession of. The use of borrowed -- or stolen -- elements in the creation of a new work.
Appropriation artists typically comment critically on aspects of culture and society through their re-quotation of existing original works.
The new work may not actually alter the original, rather uses the original to create a new expression.
" }, disambiguation: { name:"Disambiguation", title:"The process of identifying which sense of a word is used in any given sentence, when the word has a number of distinct senses.
" }, kinopravda: { name:"Kino-Pravda", title:"Literally: film truth.
The filmic capture fragments of actuality which, when organized together, showed a deeper truth which could not be seen with the naked eye.
A simple, functional, unelaborated film concept residing in neither beauty nor art -- instead favoring description and narration as in early newsreels.
" } }; var bias = { jean_baudrillard: { name:"Jean Baudrillard", title:"\"There is nothing more mysterious than a TV set left on in an empty room. It is even stranger than a man talking to himself or a woman standing dreaming at her stove. It is as if another planet is communicating with you.\"
\"More real than real, that is how the real is abolished.\"
" }, mikhail_bakhtin: { name:"Mikhail Bakhtin", title:"\"...if carnavalized, academic writing is hard to imagine; this may be because its writers are too reluctant to contemplate the loss of authority that would follow.\"
\"The speaker constructs his own utterance on alien territory.\"
" }, paulo_freire: { name:"Paulo Freire", title:"\"The oppressors, who oppress, exploit, and rape by virtue of their power, cannot find in this power the strength to liberate either the oppressed or themselves.\"
\"The oppressed want at any cost to resemble the oppressors.\"
" }, bertolt_brecht: { name:"Bertolt Brecht", title:"\"Temptation to behave is terrible.\"
\"What a miserable thing life is: you're living in clover, only the clover isn't good enough.\"
\"The world of knowledge takes a crazy turn when teachers themselves are taught to learn.\"
" }, sergei_eisenstein: { name:"Sergei Eisenstein", title:"\"Montage includes in the creative process the emotions and mind of the spectator. The spectator not only sees the represented elements of the finished work, but also experiences the dynamic process of the emergence and assembly of the image, just as it was experienced by the author.\"
" }, walter_benjamin: { name:"Walter Benjamin", title:"\"The relationship of the storyteller to his material… is that of a craftsman's relationship… to fashion the raw material of experience, his own and others, into a solid and useful way.\"
\"Memory is not an instrument for exploring the past but its theatre.\"
" }, marcel_mauss: { name:"Marcel Mauss", title:"\"What power resides in the object given that causes its recipient to pay it back?\"
\"Objects are never completely separated from the men who exchange them.\"
" }, roland_barthes: { name:"Roland Barthes", title:"\"We know that the \"author\" is not the one who invents the best stories, but the one who best masters the code.\"
\"The bastard form of mass culture is humiliated repetition... always new books, new programs, new films, news items, but always the same meaning.\"
" }, pierre_bourdieu: { name:"Pierre Bourdieu", title:"\"Intellectual discourse remains one of the most authentic forms of resistance to manipulation and a vital affirmation of the freedom of thought.\"
\"So the television screen today becomes a sort of mirror for Narcissus, a space of narcissistic exhibitionism.\"
" }, georges_bataille: { name:"Georges Bataille", title:"\"I believe that truth has only one face: that of a violent contradiction.\"
\"Intellectual despair results in neither weakness nor dreams, but in violence. It is only a matter of knowing how to give vent to one's rage; ... whether to wander like madmen around prisons, or ...to overturn them.\"
" }, noam_chomsky: { name:"Noam Chomsky", title:"\"See, people with power understand exactly one thing: violence.\"
\"Any dictator would admire the uniformity and obedience of the [U.S.] media.\"
\"If they see too much of reality they may set themselves to change it.\"
" }, john_dewey: { name:"John Dewey", title:"\"Every thinker puts some portion of an apparently stable world in peril and no one can wholly predict what will emerge in its place.\"
\"Every great advance in science has issued from a new audacity of imagination.\"
" }, kenneth_burke: { name:"Kenneth Burke", title:"\"Men seek for vocabularies that are reflections of reality.\"
\"To this end, they must develop vocabularies that are selections of reality.\"
\"And any selection of reality must, in certain circumstances, function as a deflection of reality.\"
" }, susan_sontag: { name:"Susan Sontag", title:"\"Everyone is a literalist when it comes to photos.\"
\"The voices licensed to follow the event seem to have joined together in a campaign to infantilize the public.\"
\"All images that display the violation of an attractive body are, to a certain degree, pornographic.\"
" }, dziga_vertov: { name:"Dziga Vertov", title:"\"When I make a film,
I film-see;
I film-hear;
I film-move;
I film-edit.
In a word, I film-think.\"
" }, andré_breton: { name:"André Breton", title:"\"Beauty will be
convulsive,
or it will not be at all.\"
\"All you need for a movie is a gun and a girl.\"
\"A story should have a beginning, a middle and an end, but not necessarily in that order.\"
\"There is no point in having sharp images when you've fuzzy ideas.\"
" }, marcel_duchamp: { name:"Marcel Duchamp", title:"\"I am interested in ideas, not merely in visual products.\"
\"I have forced myself to contradict myself in order to avoid conforming to my own taste.\"
\"I don't believe in art. I believe in artists.\"
" }, marshall_mcluhan: { name:"Marshall McLuhan", title:"\"All media exist to invest our lives with artificial perceptions and arbitrary values.\"
\"Anyone who tries to make a distinction between education and entertainment doesn't know the first thing about either.\"
" }, jean_rouch: { name:"Jean Rouch", title:"\"The time has come for ethnographic films to become films.\"
\"Cinema verité is not the film of truth, but the truth of film.\"
\"The camera eye has an infallible memory, and the filmmaker's eye is divided.\"
" }, alfred_jarry: { name:"Alfred Jarry", title:"\"It is because the public are a mass -- inert, obtuse, and passive -- that they need to be shaken up from time to time so that we can tell from their bear-like grunts where they are -- and also where they stand. They are pretty harmless, in spite of their numbers, because they are fighting against intelligence.\"
" }, ludwig_wittgenstein: { name:"Ludwig Wittgenstein", title:"\"Philosophy is a battle against the bewitchment of our intelligence by means of language.\"
\"A serious and good philosophical work could be written consisting entirely of jokes.\"
\"Knowledge is based on acknowledgment.\"
" }, samuel_beckett: { name:"Samuel Beckett", title:"\"Every word is like an unnecessary stain on silence and nothingness.\"
\"James Joyce was a synthesizer, trying to bring in as much as he could. I am an analyzer, trying to leave out as much as I can.\"
\"It means what it says.\"
" }, walter_lippman: { name:"Walter Lippman", title:"\"The facts we see depend on where we are placed and the habits of our eyes.\"
\"The news and the truth are not the same thing.\"
\"When everyone thinks the same, nobody is thinking.\"
" } };